USNS  MICHELSON  T-AGS-23
OCEANOGRAPHIC  UNIT  THREE

OcUnit3_Plaque.jpg (170987 bytes)

USNS Michelson T-AGS-23 was converted from the WWII Victory ship SS Joliet Victory.  Joliet Victory was a type VC2-S-AP3 cargo hull, built in 1944 by the Oregon Shipbuilding Co., Portland OR, Maritime Commission hull number (MCV) 114. Her keel was laid on May 5, 1944 and she was delivered on Jul 7, 1944, an incredible construction time of 63 days! SS Joliet Victory was converted to an Oceanographic Survey Ship (AGS) at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard from 10 Oct 1957 to 30 Sep 1958.

 

USNS Michelson in port in Yokosuka, Japan, 1967.

Photo courtesy of George Meier.

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Michelson underway, November, 1961.  The magnetometer sensor is visible hanging from the winch frame at the stern. The photo is damaged at the starboard bow, obscuring the anchor and partially obscuring the ship's name, but is otherwise of outstanding quality.

Photo courtesy of John A. Hansen. (John comments: The photo is marked "negative No. AGS-23-344(L) 11-61" on the back.  I have two copies of the photo and the blemish that looks like sea spray on the starboard bow is present on both. Perhaps it was on the original negative.)
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Michelson, dead in the water, pre-1963.  Lifeboat No.2 has been lowered; presumably this picture has been taken from the boat.

Photo courtesy of Chet Headley. (Chet comments: this photo was given to me when I went aboard Michelson in 1964. Note the absence of the BRN-3 antenna, so this photo was taken before the 1963 yard period.)
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USNS Michelson underway, slow. Her No. 2 lifeboat has been launched, probably the platform from which this photo was taken. This is an early photo: no BRN-3 antenna and Star Tracker dome is present.  Also, the signal flag locker is on the 04 Level above the port bridge wing.

Photo courtesy of Ace Hunter.
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Michelson at night, at anchor at Okinawa, 1967.

Photo courtesy of Ace Hunter.

 

- EARLY OPERATIONS -
World War II

The first of the T-AGS Victory Ships to be completed, SS Joliet Victory was launched in time to see service in WWII, in the Pacific theater.  Operated by the Maritime Commsision and manned by civlian mariners, SS Joliet Victory was nevertheless armed, as were most merchanters in WWII.  Her weapons were manned by uniformed members of the Navy Armed Guard.

"The Joliet Victory shot down one plane and assisted in shooting down two others in the late afternoon attack. Earlier she had been strafed and missed by a bomb. Three days before she left Leyte the ship left another plane trailing smoke."

 

United States Naval Administration in World War II, Office of Naval Operations, History of the Naval Armed Guard Afloat – World War II, OP-414, Chapter XIV: The Battle of the Philippines, pp209

  I served with an MSTS officer who had been aboard Michelson (nee SS Joliet Victory) during WWII.  See my Commentary.

Submitted by Chet Headley.

 

- SIGNIFICANT OPERATIONS -
(Noteworthy events and activities above and beyond normal survey ops.)
SS Grand Rescue (pictures and commentary contributed by Chet Headley)
 

Rescue of SS Grand Merchant Mariners, January 1965.

USNS Michelson T-AGS-23 arrived in Yokosuka Japan in November, 1964 and began operations that same month. We made one or two cruises in 1964. In January, 1965 after being at sea for what I remember to be a short period of time we were informed that a distress call had been received from the SS Grand, a Republic of China (Taiwan) merchant vessel that had lost power and was taking on water. We broke off operations and headed for the SS Grand. We steamed all night at full speed arriving the next day.

The SS Grand was a WWII Liberty ship that had been sold to a Taiwanese Steamship company (Sincere Steamship Corp., Ltd.). She was carrying scrap iron, mostly in the form of old engine blocks, from the U.S. to Taiwan.

Just prior to our arrival, the front half of the Grand broke off and sank. There were approximately 12 - 18 sailors on that section when it broke off, sending all of them into the sea. The SS Japan Bear had arrived just ahead of us. In an ill-advised attempt to calm the huge swells she pumped a huge amount of bunker oil into the ocean. This made it more difficult for the sailors in the water to swim and to be seen as they were quickly covered with black sticky oil.

We now had to contend with huge swells, cloudy skies, cold black water, black oil and men in the water that were barely visible. We managed to rescue six crewmen from the SS Grand. Three of Oceanographic Detachment Three’s sailors, Ben Gorman ET1, Ray Tullos ET3 and Smokey Stover PH1 went over the side tethered to safety lines. They managed to pull three of the men from the water. The Michelson’s Second Officer, P. G Murray, also went over the side to rescue one of the Grand’s crewmen. His effort was captured on film, which is posted below. The others were able to grab onto the cargo net that had been hung over the port side and pull themselves up with help from the crew manning the cargo net.

Ben, Ray and Smokey received medals for their heroic actions. Unfortunately, I cannot recall which medal it was that they received. To the best of my knowledge Second Officer P. G. Murray did not receive public recognition for his heroic efforts. Hopefully these heroic men or someone that knows them will see this site and will provide additional details.

 

  Photo Album.  Six crew members of the SS Grand rescued by the USNS Michelson T-AGS-23 in January 1965, North Pacific Ocean. Includes a photo of HM1 John Mottram.

The pictures include a scan of the back of each individual's photo. They each wrote a note on the back, which is reproduced here for posterity. A couple of the men didn't write English so I wrote their names on the back in English. All but two wrote something in Chinese. I also added three pictures (very poor focus) that I took in the Master's stateroom where the men had dinner with Capt Landry. The date written on the backs of the pictures is 15 Jan 1965. These were taken about three days after the rescue and about one day prior to arriving in port to drop them off.
  Shih Chen-Yei.jpeg (365756 bytes)
These dramatic photos show P. G. Murray, Michelson's Second Officer, pulling an oil-soaked SS Grand survivor from the sea.  The survivor is covered with bunker oil from SS Japan Bear; so is the MSTS officer after he has entered the water to grab the survivor. So far as we know this man was never acknowledged for his efforts. SSGrandRescue1.JPG (208268 bytes)
SSGrandRescue2.JPG (217701 bytes)

 

The Pacific Voyageur Account.

The Michelson's newspaper, The Pacific Voyageur, of Jan 1965, has this account of the rescue:

This January trip began with a bang for OcDet Three and the crew of the USNS Michelson. Less than a day out of port, the ship received a call for help sent by the SS Grand, a Chinese merchantman, and proceeded to her aid.

Late that afternoon the stricken ship came into view along with the SS Japan Bear which was also answering the Grand in her call for help. The Japan Bear was the first to reach the sinking ship and radioed that she would spread oil to help calm the waters near the Grand and launch a life boat to rescue those still on board. Shortly thereafter it was reported that many of the stricken ship's crewmembers were scattered in the water around the ship. Upon receiving this information the Michelson moved in closer and began rescue operations.

Evidently the forward section to the Grand had broken away and sunk without warning thus throwing everyone on that section into the water. The break also released large quantities of fuel oil which covered everything still afloat.

The sea temperature in the low sixties, the wind was cold and blowing strongly, and the seas were running high. All these factors, while not too severe, proved to be fatal for many of those cast into the water.

There had apparently been no time for the Grand to properly launch her life boats since only one overturned boat was sighted in the water. Her other boat, assuming she had only two, was still aboard sitting on the after section and apparently in such a position that it could not be launched by those left on board.

Both the OcDet and the Michelson's crew pitched in whole-heartedly as the rescue operations began. Due to the sea conditions the Michelson could not safely launch her own boats; therefore, the ship had to be maneuvered in strong winds to pick up the survivors. Before nightfall five survivors had been plucked from the grasp of the sea. Three of the OcDet crew members, Ben Gorman, Smokey Stover, and Ray Tullos, were major contributors to the rescue in that they went over the side to place lines around survivors.

Shortly after dark the sixth man was picked up when his shouts were heard near a light thrown over earlier. The search continued through the night with the aid of search lights and flares dropped by aircraft. All the next day the area was crossed and recrossed by ship and aircraft but to no avail. The sea currents and wind had scattered all signs of any survivors or debris.

The crew of the Grand consisted of 43 men. The USNS Michelson picked up 6 men out of the water, the Japan Bear rescued 9 from the sinking ship, and the Colorado Maru, which arrived shortly after the Michelson, picked up 7 from a raft and 1 out of the water. Of the 43 total there were 23 survivors, 6 known dead, and 14 missing (presumed dead).

The disaster which sank the grand was a grim reminder to all on the Michelson that the sea can be deadly if the men who sail over her are not ever vigilant and constantly mindful of safety.

 

- CREW PORTRAITS AND ROSTERS -
The crew of Oceanographic Detachment Three, 1966

Front Row:
ETNSN J. Meinke;  STGSN J. Jenkins;  STGSN Jim Lester;  ETR3 H. Curdo

Middle Row:
ST1 C. Sandeffer;  ET1 C. Johnston;  HMC J. Richards;  LT D. Pope;  LCDR J. Collins;  LTJG J. Cebe;  IC2 R. Arbuckle;  ET1 C. Magnon;  PH1 R. Walker.

Back Row:
ETN3 Jonah McLeod;  ETN3 H. Johnson;  ETR3 J. Miller;  ETN3 W. Mckoy;  SK2 J. Murray;  YN2 J. Schneider;  ETR3 R. Towson;  ETN3 A. Costin;  ETN3 R. Pence;   IC3 D. Majeski;  ETN3 K. Thompson;  ETR2 R. Swift;  ETR2 C. Neeley.

(Courtesy of Jonah McLeod.)
 
 
The crew of Oceanographic Unit Three, ca. May, 1970.

Front Row: 
ETC ?; ET1 Earl Adams; Cecil ?; ET2 Pat Ryan; ET2 Steve Walsh; ET2 Grady Hart; ET2 Dave Hinkal

Middle Row: 
RM1 Harry Craft; ET1 ?; ET2 Steve Carlton; ?; ET2 Ken Lehman; ET2 Phil Brooks; XO; PH2 Chris Hum

Back Row: 
LCDR John Hammer (OcUnit3 CO); ?; IC2 Barry Heaton; ?; ?; HMC "Doc" Wink; ?; ?

(Courtesy of Phil Brooks.)
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The crew of Oceanographic Unit Three, ca. January, 1971.

As hairy and disreputable-looking bunch of cutthroats who ever sailed on a T-AGS.  I don't think any of us had had a haircut since the photo above!  Even the CO is hairy. We had made liberal interpretation of Adm. Elmo Zumalt's "relaxed grooming standards".  Harry Craft looks like a werewolf! Chris Hum is wearing his British Navy CPO hat, and Cecil has the toy pistol, which I think belonged to Chris.  For some reason, that pistol came out for pictures.

Front Row:
ETC Dave Riker; EMO; PH2 Chris Hum; Cecil ?; ?; ET1 Earl Adams; ?;  RM1 Harry Craft; ?; ?; ET2 Dave Hinkal

Back Row:
XO; HMC "Doc" Wink; LCDR John Hammer (OcUnit3 CO); IC1 Stu Miller; ET2 Grady Hart; IC2 Barry Heaton; ET2 Phil Brooks; ?; ?; ?; ET2 Steve Walsh ?; ?

(Courtesy of Phil Brooks.)
The crew of Oceanographic Unit Three, March-April, 1972.

(
Courtesy of Chet Headley.)

 

- SHIP'S NEWSPAPERS -
 
The Atlantic Voyager.  (Thanks to John A. Hansen)
  March, 1963

The admin inspection mentioned on page 2 was held while the ship was in Belfast.

AtlanticVoyager_Mar1963_1r.jpg (204770 bytes)
  April, 1963 AtlanticVoyager_Apr1963_1.jpg (162286 bytes)
  July, 1963

The text indicates that the ship moved to the Med in July. Can't locate May or June issues. There may not have been any, and I believe that the July issue was the last.

I used to help write the copy and worked with the detachment's photographer to print and distribute.

AtlanticVoyager_Jul1963_1r.jpg (160541 bytes)
The Pacific Voyager. 
  January, 1965

This issue includes an account of the SS Grand rescue.

(Thanks to Chet Headley)

PacificVoyager_Jan1965_1.JPG (163191 bytes)
  January, 1966

(Thanks to Jonah McLeod)
OcDet3_1'66-p1.jpg (491052 bytes)
  February, 1966

(Thanks to Jonah McLeod)
Pacific_Voyager_2'66-p0.jpg (515046 bytes)
  April, 1966

(Thanks to William "Ace" Hunter)
Pacific_Voyager_Apr1966.jpg (103573 bytes)
  January, 1967

(Thanks to William "Ace" Hunter)
Pacific_Voyager_Jan1967.jpg (116204 bytes)
The Midnight Gossip.
  1970-1971.

(Thanks to Donald Patane)

Midnight_Gossipr.jpg (58979 bytes)
That Was the Year That Was, May 1971
  May, 1971

(Thanks to Phil Brooks)
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TIME-Mickey Maru Issue, ca. July 1971
  ca. July, 1971

(Thanks to Phil Brooks)
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The Midnight Skulker,  1971
  1971

(Thanks to Phil Brooks)
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The Lone Dijobe, 23 May 1971

(Thanks to Phil Brooks)
Lone_Dijobe.jpg (175139 bytes)
   
OcUnit3 Newspaper, Jan-Feb 1972

(Courtesy of Chet Headley)
Jan-Feb72-p1.jpeg (485002 bytes)

 

- SHIP'S DOCUMENTS -

OCDET / OCUNIT DOCUMENTS:
   
OCDET3_12jUN1961.jpg (790874 bytes) OCDET 3 Bulletin, 12 June 1961

(Thanks to Lyle Hildebrand.)

Maint_ Assign_ 1970-1971r.jpg (91981 bytes) Oceanographic Unit Three Maintenance Assignments, 1970-1971.

OcUnit3 is desperately short of techs during this period. There are 14 techs for both watchstanding and maintenance.  It was during this period that OcUnit3 went to 3 watches of 6hr each, with  a 6hr workday.  For diurnal primates controlled by a 24hr circadian rhythm, this was metabolically disruptive.  But...who knew?
   
Mine_Message.jpg (214201 bytes)

Naval Message 9 May, 1972

From NAVOCEANO alerting subordinate commands to the mining of Haiphong Harbor.

(Courtesy of Chet Headley)

 

 

FOOD SERVICE MENUS:
   
MENU_10 Apr_1961.jpg (104896 bytes) A dinner menu, dated 10 April 1961. The Bowditch had similar menus, as did the Dutton. We ate well at sea!

(Thanks to Lyle Hildebrand.)

MENU_11 Apr_1961.jpg (80549 bytes) Dinner menu, dated 11 April 1961.

(Thanks to Lyle Hildebrand for sharing these fine memories with us.)

 

- SHIPS' MOVEMENT -

Ship's Movement (Itinerary) 13 Nov, 1969 - 26 Jun, 1972:  (Contributed by Chet Headley)

INPORT PORT SAILED PURPOSE
13 Nov* – 19 Nov 69 Yokosuka 20-Nov-69
18 Dec – 28 Dec 69 Yokosuka 29-Dec-69
22 Jan – 28 Jan 70 Yokosuka 29-Jan-70
26 Feb – 04 Mar 70 Yokosuka 5-Mar-70
16 Mar 70 Emergency. Head for port, assume Yokosuka.
02 Apr – 08 Apr 70 Yokohama 9-Apr-70
07 May – 13 May 70 Yokosuka 14-May-70
28 May 70 Emergency, Medical, Yokosuka
11 Jun – 02 Aug 70 Sasebo Yard Period
12 Jun 70 Sasebo Enter Drydock
11 Jun 70 – 15 Jul 70 Sasebo 16-Jul-70 1st Sea Trial
19 Jul – 26 Jul 70 Sasebo 27-Jul-70 2nd Sea Trial
31 Jul – 02 Aug 70 Sasebo 3-Aug-70 Resume Operations
18 Aug 70 Pick up Core Memory while at Sea.  Air Drop??
27 Aug – 02 Sep 70 Yokosuka 3-Sep-70
01 Oct – 16 Oct 70 Yokohama 17-Oct-70
13 Nov – 21 Nov 70 Yokosuka 22-Nov-70
18 Dec – 26 Dec 70 Yokosuka? 27-Dec-70
21 Jan – 25 Jan 71 Guam 25-Jan-71
18 Feb - 23 Feb 71 Yokosuka 24-Feb-71
18 Mar – 27 Mar 71 Yokohama 28-Mar-71
13 Apr – 19 Apr 71 Yokohama 20-Apr-71
05 May – 12 May 71 Yokosuka 13-May-71
11 Jun – 18 Jun 71 Yokohama 19-Jun-71
20 Jul – 23 Sep 71 Yokosuka Yard Period
20 Jul – 09 Sep 71 Yokosuka 10-Sep-71 1st Sea Trial
14 Sep – 16 Sep 71 Yokosuka 17-Sep-71 2nd Sea Trial
21 Sep – 23 Sep Yokosuka 24-Sep-71 Resume Operations
05 Oct 71 Emergency Run. Yokosuka??
12 Oct 71 Emergency Run. Yokosuka??
21 Oct – 30 Oct 71 Yokosuka 31-Oct-71
24 Nov – 29 Nov 71 Yokosuka 30-Nov-71
23 Dec – 29 Dec 71 Yokosuka 30-Dec-71
20 Jan –24 Jan 72 Yokosuka 25-Jan-72 This was cut short for
07 Feb – 09 Feb 72 Hakodate 10-Feb-72 trip to winter Olympics.
22 Feb – 01 Mar 72 Yokosuka Yard period
23 Feb 72 Yokosuka Enter Dry-dock
01 Mar 72 Yokosuka Exit Dry-Dock
01 Mar – 01 Mar 72 Yokosuka 2-Mar-72 Resume Operations
21 Mar – 28 Mar 72 Yokosuka 29-Mar-72
18 Apr – 24 Apr 72 Yokosuka, 25-Apr-72 Enter port 1 day early
18 May – 22 May 72 Yokosuka 23-May-72
20 Jun – 26 Jun 72* Yokosuka 27 Jun 72*
           

Dates with an asterisk are best guesses.  I was not present on those dates.  I arrived aboard the Michelson 19 Nov 1969 so the start of the inport, 13 Nov* is a best guess.  I departed the ship 21 Jun 1972 so the 26 Jun 72* and 27 Jun 72* are also best guesses.  On 22 Jun 1972 my wife, dog and I departed Japan for the US.

 

- NEWSPAPERS ARTICLES -
 
All over the country, local newspapers in small cities and towns published stories about local sons (and now daughters) serving aboard Naval ships, including the T-AGS.
 
 
River Falls Journal
River Falls, WI
1999
This article describes what would have been the first assignment of a female sailor to USNS Michelson.  The original included two photographs which were not archived with the text, although the captions remain.  The article is rife with errors, but still informative.

Abstract:

Yona Owens was an IC working as a telephone repairperson at Negishi Microwave near Tokyo, ca. 1974. Owens spent 18 months in Japan before learning she had been given orders to serve on a non-combatant oceanographic research vessel, the U.S.N.S. Michelson. Before she could report for duty, her orders were cancelled. That's when she called [Suzanne] Stout.

Stout, Owens, and five other women filed a class action lawsuit in U.S. District Court in Washington, D.C.  targeting Section 6015 of Title 10 of the Women's Armed Services Integration Act that banned women from serving at sea and from combat aircraft.

The case was heard in court on March 15, 1978. The decision came on July 27, 1978. [Judge] Sirica ruled that section of military law unconstitutional and noted "whatever problems might arise from integrating shipboard crews are matters (for). appropriate training."

Source: http://www.rivertowns.net/news1999/rfjrival/week26/frontpage/np/LOCAA03.HTM

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 - FINAL FATE OF USNS  MICHELSON  T-AGS-23 -

According to a hand written notation in the Bowditch "The Crew's Cruise Book May 5, 1975", page 3, the Michelson was "detained by Coast Guard, unfit for sea" .

 
The Naval Vessel Register
Mariners.  World Ship Society
1975:  U.S. Maritime Admin. - laid up.
1977:  Sold to National Metal and Steel Corp. for scrapping.

 

- LINKS -
 
Carl Friberg ("Slowbell")
Ramon Jackson's "Blue Pages": Navy Survey Ship (AGS) Designator Listing Laysanr.jpg (49781 bytes)
NavSource Naval History
Naval Historical Center, Dictionary of American Fighting Ships
ShipbuildingHistory.com

Oregon Shipbuilding Company
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